I don't see anything about anyone raping a girl in verses 28 & 29. To me it sounds like a guy & girl who got their freak on & she lost her virginity, etc. So then he has to pay 50 silver shekels to the father & they must get married.
Even then, that was only under the Mosaic Law which ended technically when the Messiah arrived, but officially it ended I believe around 70 CE when I think the temple was destroyed by Rome, the Israelites no longer had a temple or alter, or the Ark of the Covenant, so they couldn't even continue officially with the Law anymore. I think some believe that the Ark may have been taken when captured by Babylon, but I'm not sure which took what. Either way, the Law was done away with, I think atleast partially due to the Israelite nation being spread out because of their capture by the Babylonians, & plus the allowance of gentiles into what I think is called spiritual Israel. At that point, there was no longer a specific nation that had special privlidges(including many gentiles that were called at the time, Jewish proselytes IIRC).
Back to the rape thing, offhand, the only thing I can think of that would sound like rape was involved was a scripture that implied that if a girl didn't scream loud enough or something to that effect, they wouldn't call it rape. I forget exactly, but either way, I think it's more about was she trying to scream, or was she actually consenting, maybe even later claimed it to be rape(like some women do today unfortunately) even though she consented when they were getting their freak on. I don't remember if that was in the Hebrew or Greek scriptures. Probably doesn't matter honestly, but if a law is in the Hebrew scriptures, that doesn't mean it can be applied in the Greek scriptures since the Law had passed away.
Even then, in regards to laws that were broken intentionally or even unintentionally under Mosaic Law, there's nothing that says that people who were put to death for breaking the law, wouldn't be resurected later along with both the righteous & unrighteous & given another chance. The only time I know of when people won't be resurected is when they die at Armageddon, or if they sinned against the holy spirit, like the priests who conspired to have Jesus put to death. Even then, I can't say anyone for sure, as only God is the judge, it's up to him.
As always, this is just what I believe at this point in life, & that doesn't mean I'm right. Hell, maybe all of us are wrong, maybe there's something nobody's ever even thought of that is "the truth". But, we deffinitly keep learning more as time goes on, so, assuming we don't nuke ourselves in World War 3, we'll all continue to learn about what makes up life as we know it.