If you have a region mod, then you can play any region HuCards other than SuperGrafx games.
All CD games are region free, so as long as you have a high enough level of System card, then you can play any region CD games.
The Arcade Card was not released in North America, therefore no North American CD games require it and will all run using the Super CD System 3.0 card.
There are a few CD games that will only work with a particular System card. For example, Altered Beast CD will only run properly using the 1.0 System card.
Where did you read that US CD games won't work with Japanese System Cards? It's not true, but they likely meant that you can't just stick a Japanese System card into a North American system, unless the system has had a region mod done.
These are the North American games which require a Super CD System 3.0/3.1 system card:
Beyond Shadowgate
Bonk 3 Bonk's Big Adventure CD
Camp California
Cotton
Dragon Slayer The Legend Of Heroes
Dungeon Explorer II
Dungeon Master - Theron's Quest
Dynastic Hero (The)
Exile: Wicked Phenomenon
Forgotten Worlds
Gate Of Thunder
Godzilla
Implode
John Madden Duo CD Football
Loom
Lords Of Thunder
Meteor Blaster DX
Might And Magic III: Isles Of Terra
Mysterious Song
Prince Of Persia
Pyramid Plunder
Revival Chase
Riot Zone
Shadow Of The Beast
Shape Shifter
Sim Earth: The Living Planet
Super Air Zonk
You can look up PC Engine games by format, region, genre, etc on this site:
http://pcecp.com/index.php?mode=catalog&action=normalsearch