So here are my lastet results: the PC-Engine DUO still reads Audio-CD, skips Tracks, shows Playtime, remaining Time and has no issues. If I insert a Data Disk, it keeps start to read the inner Track, moves a little outside and then repeats this behaviour in an endless loop. I am very skilled in soldering but a noob in understanding how an IC buffers data.
Is there anything I could check with a Logic Probe or an Oscilloscope ? No problem to swap IC on try and error, but I prefer to find out, why the Unit has that strange behaviour...