The US side of the postal service is different. If you can show the package was indeed abused by them, box dented, ect, and item busted, you get the claim. Its not as big a ordeal here. The postal service doesn't penalize you here for their problems, as long as your are doing a reasonable amount of them and not trying to pull off a large run of postal scams. They do investigate for scams, busted items in un-abused boxes,ect. Stuff that looks fishy.
But yea,if you make a legitimate claim,you'll get the money back. If you have to do a large number of them in a certain time period, but they are legit, they may want to know why you are shipping so much stuff, so you will prob have to show them proof you are running a legit business,via ebay or whatever. Every now and then too they will want you to show proof of the items value or how much you were paid for it, so if you sold it on ebay you may have to print off the auction details. In that case its best too to print off auction pics of it when it worked prior to being shipped.
If its lost, by them, and insured, all you have to do is file the claim and have the person that was to receive it write a statement saying it was never delivered. You get your money then. All USPS Insurance slips now carry the barcode scanning procedure, regardless of the value. Its treated like any delivery confirm slip. It gets scanned at check point hubs and at delivery. If they lost it, its on them. As bad as USPS is with rates going up,and service slowing down, they have at least been better at trying to prevent lost packages,esp insured ones by requireing all insured ones to be scanned in.
You can even track insured ones now,not online though. You have to call the 800 number for USPS and haggle its automated service until you get a live rep. It takes a few mins. The live rep can look up the insurance number and see where it was last scanned in. Your local post office can do the same thing too.